The Relation of Physical Activity with The Quality of Sleep in Adolescents at The Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta

Article history Sleep is a basic human need, where sleep for every human being will be different for adolescents, needing to sleep around 7-9 hours / day. Adolescents are a group at high risk of experiencing problems in their sleep as a result of damage due to physical activity. There are several factors that can cause the quality of sleep is not disturbed, and physical activity is associated with the disruption of sleep quality.Knowing the relationship between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta.This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design, the population in this study was 80 foster children in Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta. The sample in this study using purposive sampling, amounting to 35 respondents. The instrument in this study used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Pitsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.There are several factors that can cause the quality of sleep to be disturbed, and physical activity is suspected to be associated with disturbed sleep quality. The results showed that there was a relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta. With the results of the correlation test using the Chi-Square test p = 0.01 (value <0.05). That most of the foster children with high activity with good sleep quality were 1 (2.85%) and 25 (71.4%) had poor sleep quality. These results indicate that there is a significant relationship (p <0.05) between physical activity and sleep quality.There is a Relationship between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta. Received 19 November 2020 Received 27 Desember 2020 Accepted 23 Apri 2021


INTRODUCTION
Physical activity is a body movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy to do it (1). Physical activity according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2) is very important for maintaining physical and mental health and maintaining the quality of life to stay healthy and fit throughout the day. Physical fitness that is obtained from physical activity is very influential in work productivity and learning, because regular physical activity helps in thinking, learning, and making decisions (1).
Sleep is one of the basic human needs. The need for sleep is needed after a tired day of activities and the body will automatically respond by giving a signal to rest hardinge & shock, (2001: 65) in (3). The human body has a limit in its activities, if it has reached the limit, the energy in the human body will decrease and humans will feel tired. When experiencing fatigue, a person must sleep to recover his energy so that the body can be optimal for activities the next day. The need for adequate sleep is determined by the quality and quantity of sleep which is influenced by several factors, such as disease, exercise and fatigue, psychological stress, medication, nutrition, environment, and motivation (4).
Sleep is a basic human need, where sleep is an activity that is considered a simple activity and does not require special attention. Sleep needs of every human being will be different for adolescents needing sleep around 8-9 hours / day. The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) recommends 7-9 hours of sleep. The duration of sleep that is fulfilled properly will bring positive benefits for health. During sleep, all vital body functions are reduced, the metabolic rate is lowered, tired body cells are used during activity to be repaired, and energy is restored, John, Sutton, & Webster, (1962: 215) in (3). Conversely, the quality of sleep that is not maintained will have a negative effect on the body. Excess or lack of sleep can both be harmful to health. People who lack sleep have a greater risk of experiencing congestive heart failure, which is a condition where the heart experiences weakness in pumping blood throughout the body, causing an imbalance in the body and will damage other organs (4).
The National Institute of Health concluded that the group at high risk for sleep disorders is adolescents. This is evident because in adolescents there are dramatic changes in sleep-wake patterns including insufficient sleep duration, delayed sleep time, and differences in sleep patterns on weekdays and weekends, so the quality of adolescent sleep tends to decrease (5). Compared to other age stages, adolescent sleep patterns are also different because at this stage of growth and development there are hormonal changes and shifts in circadian rhythms (4).
From the results of interviews conducted by researchers in October with 11 orphans at the Islamic Orphanage RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta, there were 11 people. Based on a preliminary study as many as 8 foster children said they felt tired and tired with the dense activities of both at home and academic activities, they said that during the pandemic schoolwork increased and piled up so that sometimes they could not complete assignments on time. Meanwhile, 3 children said that they could sleep well and the activities they did were not busy every day, only when they got pickets at the institution and when they had assignments from school, they felt tired and tired. They said that at 22.30 WIB the majority of them could not sleep because they had to do their assignments, whereas they had to wake up at 03.00 WIB because the activities at the institution would start at 3 am, so they slept for about 5 hours where the sleep needed was 8 hours / day for school. they often feel sleep deprived and cough while studying, doing activities at the institution or during school activities. From the results of the interview it can be concluded that the high activity of the students was not accompanied by adequate or ideal sleep time. From the results of this study, the researcher is interested in further examining the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in foster children at the Orphanage Orphanage Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta.The purpose of this study was to determine "the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in foster children at the Orphanage Princess Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta".

METHOD
This research is a quantitative study using a cross section design. The instrument in this study used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the PSQI Questionnaire (Pitsburgh sleep quality index). IPAQ consists of 7 questions consisting of strenuous physical activity, moderate physical activity, activities carried out in walking, and activities while relaxing or sitting. Physical activity carried out within the duration of     This research is in line with research conducted by (6) regarding the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in adolescents at SMA Negeri 9 Manado stated that the relationship between the two variables was analyzed using simple logistic regression. One hundred and thirteen (49.1%) students have sufficient physical activity.
Meanwhile, 57% of students had a pretty good sleep quality. The regression analysis showed that sufficient physical activity increased the odds of a good sleep quality by 2.5 times. Physical activity is positively related to the quality of sleep for teenage students at SMAN 9 Manado.
Researchers assume that physical activity will cause fatigue so that it affects the quality of sleep in foster children, where according to (4) the human body has a limit in activities, if it has reached its limit, the energy in the human body will decrease and humans will feel tired. When experiencing fatigue, a person must sleep to recover his energy so that the body can be optimal for activities the next day. The need for adequate sleep is determined by the quality and quantity of sleep which is influenced by several factors, one of which is physical activity.

Measurement of physical activity was measured using the International Physical
Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). This questionnaire is the method most frequently used by researchers to study physical activity. Foster children write down the type, frequency and duration of activities that are usually carried out during the week into this questionnaire.
Where the IPAQ consists of 7 question items that measure vigorous physical activity, moderate activity, walking activity, sitting activity in a person in the last week then the activity is assessed into 3 criteria high activity, moderate activity, and low activity (7). Likewise, according to (9) physical activity is excessive or too high, which is characterized by long-lasting and worsening fatigue. Excessive physical activity can also be described as demoralized, overworked, overworked, boredom, and chronic fatigue. According to (10), moderate physical activity is more effective than strenuous activity in improving sleep quality.
Regular physical activity of moderate intensity -such as walking, cycling, or exercising -has significant health benefits at all ages, the benefits of being physically active outweigh the potential harm (11). The time needed a day for strenuous activity is 8 hours of sleep, 4 hours of heavy work such as lifting water or agricultural work such as hoeing, 2 hours of light work, and 10 hours of very light work. So that if the activity is carried out less or too much, it will interfere with the quality of sleep that is owned (12).
According to (13) A person who has regular physical activity will have a healthy and beneficial lifestyle both physically and psychologically such as improving body fitness, helping to sleep better, increasing body power, reducing stress.

Sleep Quality at the Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Islam RM Suryowinoto Yogyakarta.
From Researchers assume that physical activity will affect sleep quality where fatigue due to high activity can require more sleep to maintain the balance of energy that has been expended. Sleep quality is a person's satisfaction with sleep, so that a person does not show feelings of fatigue, is easily aroused and anxious, lethargic and apathetic (15).  can affect the quality of one's sleep because fatigue due to high activity can require more sleep to maintain the balance of energy that has been expended. People who have done activities and reach fatigue will be able to sleep faster because the slow wave sleep stage (NREM) is shortened (21). In addition, doing physical activity in a regular way is also beneficial in regulating the heart system, blood vessels and body weight, and is an important factor in preventing non-communicable diseases (22). Therefore, physical activity can affect the quality of a person's sleep where if the physical activity is too high, eating will require appropriate sleep in order to restore the energy that has been used. If too high activity is not balanced with good quality sleep, it will have an impact with a decrease in daily activities, weakness, fatigue, decreased endurance, and instability of vital signs, while psychological factors have an impact on depression, anxiety, and difficulty concentration (18).
According to (23) (4). According to research conducted by (24) excessive work or excessive physical activity and lack of sleep will shorten life because the aging process occurs faster than healthy living. This situation will reduce levels of several hormones and increase free radicals which will accelerate the aging process. Based on various research reports, it turns out that the aging process can be slowed by a lifestyle regulation that consists of several elements of a lifestyle pattern such as sleeping, working, eating, exercise and recreation. It is recommended that all people lead a healthy lifestyle as early as possible from childhood for life. According to research (6) states that sufficient physical activity increases the quality of good sleep by about 2.5 times greater.

CONCLUSION
The results of poor physical activity were 2.85% low physical activity, 22