Email this article Infeksi Parasit Usus Di Daerah Kumuh: Suatu Infeksi Yang Terabaikan
Abstract
Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan kumuh untuk mengetahui prevalensi penyakit dan faktor risiko infeksi protozoa usus pada masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan tersebut. Partisipan penelitian diperoleh dengan cara simple random sampling. Diagnosis infeksi parasit usus ditegakkan melalui pemeriksaan mikroskopis dengan metode sediaan langsung dan konsentrasi. Hal serupa juga dilakukan pada spesimen tanah dan air yang diambil dari beberapa titik di sekitar pemukiman warga. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi square untuk melihat hubungan antara infeksi parasit usus dan faktor risiko. Sampel penelitian adalah 216 rumah warga dan kepala keluarga atau wakilnya yang berperan sebagai partisipan. Prevalensi infeksi parasit usus ditemukan sebesar 56,5%. Protozoa usus yang paling umum adalah Cryptosporidium spp. (25,9%). Sedangkan Ascaris lumbricoides (57,7%) merupakan cacing usus yang paling banyak ditemukan. Infeksi protozoa usus berpotensi terjadi 2,7 kali (95% CI: 1,2-5,9) karena tanah terkontaminasi dan 6,2 kali (95% CI: 2,3-16,6) karena air terkontaminasi. Sedangkan infeksi cacing usus juga dapat terjadi 2,8 kali lebih besar (95% CI: 1,4-5,7) jika tanah terkontaminasi dan 2,5 kali lebih besar (95% CI: 1,4-4,5) jika air terkontaminasi. Tanah dan air di sekitar permukiman kumuh telah terkontaminasi oleh parasit usus. Kondisi ini dapat meningkatkan peluang terjadinya infeksi parasit usus pada penduduk sekitarnya dan menjadi infeksi yang terabaikan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35842/formil.v8i3.518
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